Google teams up with gas plant for AI datacenter in sharp turn from climate goals

A general view of the Google Midlothian datacenter where Texas governor Greg Abbott and Alphabet and Google CEO Sundar Pichai are scheduled to speak on 14 November 2025 in Midlothian, Texas. Photograph: Ron Jenkins/Getty Images · Photograph: Ron Jenkins/Getty Images

Google has struck a partnership for a natural gas power plant that could provide energy for one of its datacenters in Texas, unearthed by new research and confirmed by the company. The move is part of an ongoing about-face for the tech giant, which once pledged to be carbon neutral by 2030 and has long been seen as a pioneer in clean energy.

The gas power plant is slated to be built in Armstrong county, a sparsely populated area in the Texas panhandle. According to a report by the research organization Cleanview, the project is being led by Crusoe Energy, which partnered with Google to develop the datacenter campus known as “Goodnight”, named after a nearby town.

Crusoe filed for a permit in January to build the 933-megawatt power plant onsite at the Goodnight campus, which showed the facility would operate off the grid and provide energy to at least two buildings on the campus, according to Cleanview. Satellite images commissioned by Cleanview confirm construction is well under way.

According to Crusoe’s 465-page permit application, the power plant would emit as much as 4.5m tons of carbon dioxide, a primary driver of climate change, per year. For comparison, the entire city of San Francisco emits about 4m tons of carbon dioxide annually.

Michael Thomas, the founder of Cleanview and author of the report, said that this power plant would be one of the first direct investments in fossil fuel infrastructure that he’s seen with Google.

“Google has spent decades crafting an image as a clean energy leader,” said Thomas. “I’ve always considered them to be the most committed to their climate goals. But these projects suggest a major strategic pivot at the company could be under way.”

When the Guardian asked Google about its partnership with Crusoe on the gas power plant, Chrissy Moy, a company spokesperson, didn’t deny the project but said: “We don’t have a contract in place for the plant in Texas.” How much electricity Google might purchase from the plant is not clear, as negotiations appear to be ongoing. She pointed the Guardian to a separate partnership it has in the region for a windfarm project with the utility provider Serena Energy. Crusoe didn’t return a request for comment.

The power plant in Texas is the third known gas facility that Google has become involved in over the past few months. In October, the company announced an agreement to buy power from a gas plant in Illinois, and last month Flatwater Free Press obtained documents showing that Google is exploring another massive gas project in Nebraska.

Google says its focus is still carbon-free energy and that it doesn’t see using natural gas as a departure from its climate goals. The company has stated that it’s moving from a strategy of buying carbon credits to one of building the grid.

Asked by Axios last week at an energy conference in Houston about how natural gas jives with the company’s clean energy goals and overall strategy, Google’s head of advanced energy, Michael Terrell, said: “We don’t have anything to say on that.”

Google has long been a climate leader in the tech sector. In 2020, it set an ambitious net-zero emissions goal to use carbon-free energy across all operations by 2030. It’s invested in wind, solar, geothermal and nuclear energy projects. But as Google has focused more on AI and its high-energy needs, the company’s emissions commitments have softened.

In 2023, Google wrote in its sustainability report that it was no longer “maintaining operational carbon neutrality” but was still pushing for net zero by 2030. In 2024, the company reported a 48% rise in greenhouse gas emissions since 2019, due to datacenter energy consumption.

By 2025, Google had stopped speaking in terms of concrete 2030 goals and instead framed its emissions ambitions as “climate moonshots”. Moonshots is a term Google uses to denote speculative projects that may or may not come to fruition, like self-driving cars, which have become widespread, and wifi balloons, which have not.

“While we remain committed to our climate moonshots, it’s become clear that achieving them is now more complex and challenging across every level,” Google wrote in its 2025 environmental report, which describes the company’s climate goals as “ambition-based” and notes that AI’s rapid growth is driving “significant uncertainties” around emissions.

Meta, Amazon and Microsoft, which have also long pledged net-zero carbon goals, are turning to natural gas to power their AI datacenters too. Meta is building an enormous facility in Louisiana that’s slated to run on natural gas and Amazon has several multi-gigawatt datacenters powered by gas. Microsoft just announced a new gas project for a datacenter in West Virginia and signed a deal with Chevron this week to build a 2.5 gigawatt gas power plant in west Texas.

For years, “these hyperscalers have remained committed to their climate goals and have resisted the siren call of natural gas,” said Thomas of Cleanview. “But what has happened in the last few months is that the story has become more complicated … there’s this tension with the race to build AI.”